Bounds on the minimum distance of linear codes

Bounds on linear codes [189,9] over GF(3)

lower bound:	115
upper bound:	120

Construction

Construction of a linear code [189,9,115] over GF(3):
[1]:  [191, 9, 117] Linear Code over GF(3)
     Code found by Axel Kohnert
Construction from a stored generator matrix:

[ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 2, 0, 1, 2, 0, 2, 2, 2, 2, 1, 0, 0, 1, 1, 0, 1, 2, 0, 2, 1, 0, 0, 2, 0, 2, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 2, 1, 2, 2, 2, 2, 0, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 1, 0, 2, 2, 0, 2, 2, 1, 0, 1, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 1, 2, 2, 0, 1, 0, 2, 1, 0, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 2, 1, 0, 0, 2, 1, 0, 2, 2, 0, 2, 0, 2, 2, 1, 0, 0, 1, 2, 1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 1, 2, 2, 0, 2, 0, 1, 1, 2, 1, 2, 2, 1, 2, 0, 2, 0, 0, 1, 1, 0, 2, 1, 1, 2, 1, 0, 2, 2, 1, 0, 1, 2, 0, 0, 2, 0, 1, 1, 2, 2, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 2, 2, 2, 0, 1, 1, 2, 2, 2, 0, 2, 2, 1, 1, 0, 0, 2, 1, 0, 1, 2, 0, 2, 1, 0, 2, 0, 1 ]
[ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 0, 2, 1, 0, 2, 2, 2, 0, 2, 2, 0, 1, 0, 2, 0, 2, 2, 1, 1, 0, 2, 1, 1, 0, 2, 2, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 1, 0, 2, 2, 1, 1, 2, 1, 0, 2, 0, 0, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 1, 1, 0, 2, 2, 2, 1, 2, 0, 1, 0, 1, 2, 1, 2, 1, 1, 2, 1, 0, 2, 2, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 2, 1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 2, 1, 2, 2, 1, 2, 0, 0, 0, 2, 1, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 2, 2, 2, 0, 2, 1, 1, 0, 0, 2, 1, 2, 0, 1, 2, 1, 0, 1, 2, 0, 1, 2, 1, 0, 1, 2, 0, 0, 2, 0, 2, 0, 2, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 2, 1, 0, 1, 2, 0, 2, 0, 0, 1, 1, 2, 0, 2, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1 ]
[ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 2, 1, 1, 2, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 2, 1, 2, 0, 1, 1, 2, 0, 2, 0, 2, 2, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 2, 2, 0, 0, 2, 2, 1, 0, 1, 2, 0, 1, 2, 0, 2, 0, 0, 2, 0, 1, 2, 0, 0, 1, 0, 2, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 2, 2, 0, 2, 2, 0, 2, 1, 0, 1, 2, 2, 1, 0, 2, 2, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 2, 1, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 2, 0, 2, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 0, 1, 0, 0, 1, 1, 2, 1, 0, 2, 0, 2, 2, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 2, 2, 0, 2, 0, 2, 1, 0, 2, 2, 2, 1, 1, 1, 2, 1, 2, 2, 2, 1, 2, 2, 2, 1, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 2, 2, 1, 0, 0, 2, 2, 2, 2, 1, 0, 1, 2, 0, 0, 0, 2, 1, 1, 2, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
[ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 2, 2, 0, 0, 2, 2, 2, 0, 0, 2, 2, 2, 1, 0, 2, 0, 2, 1, 1, 1, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 1, 0, 2, 0, 2, 1, 1, 1, 2, 1, 2, 1, 2, 2, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 2, 2, 1, 0, 0, 1, 1, 2, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 2, 2, 0, 1, 1, 1, 2, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 2, 1, 1, 2, 2, 1, 2, 1, 2, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 1, 2, 0, 2, 2, 1, 2, 2, 1, 0, 1, 0, 2, 0, 1, 0, 1, 2, 1, 2, 2, 2, 0, 1, 0, 2, 1, 0, 2, 0, 2, 1, 0, 0, 1, 1, 2, 2, 0, 0, 2, 1, 1, 0, 2, 2, 2, 1, 0, 1, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 1, 2, 2, 1, 0, 2, 0, 0, 2, 0, 2, 2, 0, 2, 0, 2, 0, 2, 2, 2, 1, 2, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 2 ]
[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 2, 0, 2, 1, 0, 2, 0, 2, 2, 2, 0, 2, 0, 1, 1, 2, 2, 1, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 2, 2, 0, 0, 1, 2, 2, 1, 2, 0, 2, 2, 0, 1, 0, 1, 2, 1, 2, 2, 1, 2, 0, 1, 0, 2, 1, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 0, 1, 1, 0, 0, 1, 2, 2, 2, 2, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 0, 1, 1, 2, 0, 2, 2, 0, 1, 2, 1, 2, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 2, 2, 2, 2, 0, 2, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 2, 1, 0, 0, 1, 2, 1, 0, 1, 1, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 2, 2, 0, 0, 2, 1, 0, 2, 2, 1, 1, 2, 0, 1, 0, 2, 1, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 2, 2, 1, 2, 2, 2, 1, 2, 2, 2, 0, 0, 2, 0, 2, 0, 2, 0, 0, 1, 2, 2, 1, 2, 2, 2, 2, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2 ]
[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 2, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 0, 0, 2, 2, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 1, 2, 1, 1, 2, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 2, 1, 0, 2, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 2, 2, 1, 1, 2, 2, 1, 0, 2, 1, 1, 2, 2, 0, 0, 1, 2, 2, 1, 0, 0, 2, 1, 2, 0, 1, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 2, 2, 0, 2, 2, 0, 1, 0, 1, 1, 2, 0, 0, 0, 2, 1, 1, 0, 0, 2, 1, 2, 1, 1, 1, 0, 2, 2, 1, 0, 1, 0, 2, 0, 1, 2, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 0, 2, 0, 1, 0, 0, 1, 0, 2, 0, 0, 2, 1, 0, 1, 2, 0, 1, 2, 1, 1, 2, 0, 2, 1, 2, 1, 2, 0, 0, 0, 2, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 2, 0, 2, 2, 1, 0, 1, 2, 2, 1, 1, 0, 0, 2, 1, 2, 2, 2, 2, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1 ]
[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 2, 1, 2, 0, 2, 1, 1, 0, 2, 1, 0, 1, 2, 1, 0, 2, 0, 2, 0, 0, 1, 2, 2, 0, 0, 2, 1, 2, 1, 2, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 2, 2, 0, 2, 1, 0, 2, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 0, 2, 2, 0, 2, 2, 1, 2, 2, 1, 2, 2, 1, 0, 0, 1, 2, 2, 2, 0, 1, 1, 1, 2, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 0, 2, 0, 1, 0, 0, 1, 2, 0, 1, 2, 2, 1, 2, 0, 1, 0, 1, 2, 1, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 1, 1, 0, 1, 2, 1, 2, 0, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 2, 2, 0, 2, 2, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 2, 2, 2, 2, 1, 1, 2, 1, 0, 1, 2, 0, 1, 0, 1, 2, 1, 0, 0, 0, 2, 1, 0, 1, 2, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 2, 0, 2 ]
[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 1, 1, 1, 2, 0, 1, 0, 2, 1, 2, 1, 0, 1, 2, 2, 2, 0, 2, 2, 2, 1, 1, 2, 1, 0, 2, 2, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 2, 1, 0, 0, 1, 1, 2, 1, 0, 2, 1, 0, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 1, 2, 2, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 2, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 2, 0, 2, 2, 1, 1, 0, 0, 2, 2, 0, 1, 2, 2, 0, 1, 2, 2, 1, 0, 2, 0, 1, 0, 2, 1, 2, 2, 2, 2, 0, 1, 0, 1, 1, 0, 1, 2, 2, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 2, 0, 0, 2, 1, 2, 0, 2, 1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 1, 2, 1, 0, 1, 2, 2, 1, 1, 0, 0, 2, 2, 2, 2, 0, 0, 2, 0, 1, 0, 2, 2, 0, 1, 1, 2, 2, 2, 1, 1, 0, 2, 2, 2 ]
[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 2, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 2, 1, 0, 2, 0, 1, 2, 2, 0, 1, 0, 2, 2, 2, 1, 2, 2, 2, 0, 0, 1, 2, 0, 1, 1, 0, 0, 2, 1, 1, 2, 0, 1, 1, 0, 0, 2, 0, 1, 2, 0, 1, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 1, 0, 2, 1, 2, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 2, 0, 1, 0, 0, 2, 0, 2, 2, 2, 2, 1, 2, 2, 0, 0, 1, 1, 2, 2, 1, 0, 2, 2, 1, 2, 1, 1, 2, 0, 2, 1, 0, 1, 2, 0, 2, 2, 2, 2, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 2, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 2, 2, 2, 1, 0, 1, 2, 1, 0, 1, 2, 2, 0, 2, 2, 0, 2, 0, 1, 0, 2, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 2, 1, 0, 1, 2, 2, 1, 0, 0, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 0, 2, 2, 2 ]
[2]:  [189, 9, 115] Linear Code over GF(3)
     Puncturing of [1] at { 190 .. 191 }

last modified: 2008-12-05

From Brouwer's table (as of 2007-02-13)

Lb(189,9) = 114 BZ 

Ub(189,9) = 120 is found by considering truncation to:
Ub(188,9) = 119 Gur

References

BZ: E. L. Blokh & V. V. Zyablov, Coding of generalized concatenated codes, Probl. Inform. Transm. 10 (1974) 218-222.

Gur: Sugi Guritman, Restrictions on the weight distribution of linear codes, Thesis, Techn. Univ. Delft, 2000.

Notes

All codes establishing the lower bounds were constructed using MAGMA.
Upper bounds are taken from the tables of Andries E. Brouwer, with the exception of codes over GF(7) with n>50. For most of these codes, the upper bounds are rather weak. Upper bounds for codes over GF(7) with small dimension have been provided by Rumen Daskalov.
Special thanks to John Cannon for his support in this project.
A prototype version of MAGMA's code database over GF(2) was written by Tat Chan in 1999 and extended later that year by Damien Fisher. The current release version was developed by Greg White over the period 2001-2006.
Thanks also to Allan Steel for his MAGMA support.
My apologies to all authors that have contributed codes to this table for not giving specific credits.

If you have found any code improving the bounds or some errors, please send me an e-mail:
codes [at] codetables.de

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This page is maintained by Markus Grassl (codes@codetables.de). Last change: 30.12.2011